Giuseppe Abrami

@article{Bagci:et:al:2025,
  author    = {Bagci, Mevl{\"u}t and Mehler, Alexander and Abrami, Giuseppe and Schrottenbacher, Patrick
               and Spiekermann, Christian and Konca, Maxim and Schreiber, Jakob and Saukel, Kevin
               and Quintino, Marc and Engel, Juliane},
  title     = {Simulation-Based Learning in Virtual Reality: Three Use Cases
               from Social Science and Technological Foundations in Terms of
               Va.Si.Li-Lab},
  journal   = {Technology, Knowledge and Learning},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  year      = {2025},
  month     = {April},
  day       = {01},
  abstract  = {This article examines the predictability of communication scenarios
               within the context of simulation-based learning in virtual reality
               (VR). The aim is to investigate multimodal patterns of social
               interaction that accompany human communication in conflict situations.
               Understanding these patterns can ultimately enhance educational
               technologies' ability to address problematic learning situations
               and support learners in benefiting from VR-based learning. To
               achieve this, the system must accurately predict the task context.
               A central goal of this article is to shed light on this potential.
               Additionally, our research extends to visual communication beyond
               purely linguistic interactions, aiming to enhance VR immersion
               in communicative practices. To this end, the article examines
               the associations between multimodal information units generated
               by individuals interacting in three distinct learning scenarios:
               work organization, school pedagogy, and social life. Several experiments
               demonstrate that predictability exists when multimodal communication
               is analyzed at the level of eight coarse-grained modalities, including
               speech, head and body movements, and gestures. The interactions
               are observed in VR using Va.Si.Li-Lab, a simulation-based system
               that virtualizes learning scenarios, enabling participants to
               collaboratively manage potentially conflicting tasks through multimodal
               communication (Mehler et al. in: Duffy (ed) Digital human modeling
               and applications in health, safety, ergonomics and risk management,
               Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2023). The article discusses
               the technology underlying Va.Si.Li-Lab, its database, and the
               post-processing of interaction data, including speech data. It
               provides theoretical motivation for the application scenarios
               and presents experimental data to illustrate the system's usefulness.
               Based on these data, the article details experiments on the multimodal
               detection of social scenarios, positioning Va.Si.Li-Lab as a use
               case in simulation-based learning.},
  issn      = {2211-1670},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10758-025-09837-7},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-025-09837-7}
}

@inproceedings{Boenisch:et:al:2025,
  title     = {Towards Unified, Dynamic and Annotation-based Visualisations and
               Exploration of Annotated Big Data Corpora with the Help of Unified
               Corpus Explorer},
  author    = {Kevin B{\"o}nisch and Giuseppe Abrami and Alexander Mehler},
  booktitle = {2025 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association
               for Computational Linguistics -- System Demonstration Track},
  year      = {2025},
  keywords  = {uce,biofid},
  video     = {https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3kB9pNPjsk},
  note      = {accepted, Best Demo Award}
}

@article{Abrami:et:al:2025:a,
  title     = {Docker Unified UIMA Interface: New perspectives for NLP on big data},
  journal   = {SoftwareX},
  volume    = {29},
  pages     = {102033},
  year      = {2025},
  issn      = {2352-7110},
  doi       = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2024.102033},
  url       = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352711024004047},
  author    = {Giuseppe Abrami and Markos Genios and Filip Fitzermann and Daniel Baumartz
               and Alexander Mehler},
  keywords  = {duui, Docker, Kubernetes, UIMA, Distributed NLP},
  abstract  = {Processing large amounts of natural language text using machine
               learning-based models is becoming important in many disciplines.
               This demand is being met by a variety of approaches, resulting
               in the heterogeneous deployment of separate, partly incompatible,
               not natively scalable applications. To overcome the technological
               bottleneck involved, we have developed Docker Unified UIMA Interface,
               a system for the standardized, parallel, platform-independent,
               distributed and microservices-based solution for processing large
               and extensive text corpora with any NLP method. We present DUUI
               as a framework that enables automated orchestration of GPU-based
               NLP processes beyond the existing Docker Swarm cluster variant,
               and in addition to the adaptation to new runtime environments
               such as Kubernetes. Therefore, a new driver for DUUI is introduced,
               which enables the lightweight orchestration of DUUI processes
               within a Kubernetes environment in a scalable setup. In this way,
               the paper opens up novel text-technological perspectives for existing
               practices in disciplines that deal with the scientific analysis
               of large amounts of data based on NLP.}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:et:al:2025:b,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Baumartz, Daniel and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {DUUI: A Toolbox for the Construction of a new Kind of Natural
               Language Processing},
  year      = {2025},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the DHd 2025: Under Construction. Geisteswissenschaften
               und Data Humanities},
  numpages  = {3},
  location  = {Bielefeld, Germany},
  series    = {DHd 2025},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  keywords  = {duui},
  pages     = {446--448},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.14943128},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14943128},
  poster    = {https://zenodo.org/records/14944575}
}

@article{Schrottenbacher:et:al:2025,
  author    = {Schrottenbacher, Patrick and Mehler, Alexander and Berg, Theresa
               and Hustedt, Jasper and Gagel, Julian and Lüttig, Timo and Abrami, Giuseppe},
  title     = {Geo-spatial hypertext in virtual reality: mapping and navigating
               global news event spaces},
  journal   = {New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia},
  volume    = {31},
  number    = {1-2},
  pages     = {76--105},
  year      = {2025},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  doi       = {10.1080/13614568.2024.2383601},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13614568.2024.2383601},
  eprint    = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13614568.2024.2383601},
  abstract  = {Every day, a myriad of events take place that are documented and
               shared online through news articles from a variety of sources.
               As a result, as users navigate the Web, the volume of data can
               lead to information overload, making it difficult to find specific
               details about an event. We present News in Time and Space (NiTS)
               to address this issue: NiTS is a fully immersive system integrated
               into Va.Si.Li-Lab that organises textual information in a geospatial
               hypertext system in virtual reality. With NiTS, users can visualise,
               filter and interact with information currently based on GDELT
               on a virtual globe providing document networks to analyse global
               events and trends. The article describes NiTS, its event semantics
               and architecture. It evaluates NiTS in comparison to a classic
               search engine website, extended by NiTSs information filtering
               capabilities to make it comparable. Our comparison with this website
               technology, which is directly linked to the user's usage habits,
               shows that NiTS enables comparable information exploration even
               if the users have little or no experience with VR. That is, we
               observe an equivalent search result behaviour, but with the advantage
               that VR allows users to get their results with a higher level
               of usability without distracting them from their tasks. Through
               its integration with Va.Si.Li-Lab, a simulation-based learning
               environment, NiTS can be used in simulations of learning processes
               aimed at studying critical online reasoning, where Va.Si.Li-Lab
               guarantees that this can be done in relation to individual or
               groups of learners.}
}

@article{Boenisch:et:al:2025:b,
  author    = {B\"{o}nisch, Kevin and Mehler, Alexander and Babbili, Shaduan
               and Heinrich, Yannick and Stephan, Philipp and Abrami, Giuseppe},
  abstract  = {We present Viki LibraRy, a dynamically built library in virtual
               reality (VR) designed to visualize hypertext systems, with an
               emphasis on collaborative interaction and spatial immersion. Viki
               LibraRy goes beyond traditional methods of text distribution by
               providing a platform where users can share, process, and engage
               with textual information. It operates at the interface of VR,
               collaborative learning and spatial data processing to make reading
               tangible and memorable in a spatially mediated way. The article
               describes the building blocks of Viki LibraRy, its underlying
               architecture, and several use cases. It evaluates Viki LibraRy
               in comparison to a conventional web interface for text retrieval
               and reading. The article shows that Viki LibraRy provides users
               with spatial references for structuring their recall, so that
               they can better remember consulted texts and their meta-information
               (e.g. in terms of subject areas and content categories)},
  title     = {{Viki LibraRy: Collaborative Hypertext Browsing and Navigation
               in Virtual Reality}},
  journal   = {New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia},
  volume    = {31},
  number    = {1-2},
  pages     = {45--75},
  year      = {2025},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  doi       = {10.1080/13614568.2024.2383581},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13614568.2024.2383581},
  eprint    = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13614568.2024.2383581}
}

@inbook{Mehler:et:al:2024:a,
  author    = {Mehler, Alexander and Bagci, Mevl{\"u}t and Schrottenbacher, Patrick
               and Henlein, Alexander and Konca, Maxim and Abrami, Giuseppe and B{\"o}nisch, Kevin
               and Stoeckel, Manuel and Spiekermann, Christian and Engel, Juliane},
  editor    = {Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia, Olga and Nagel, Marie-Theres and Klose, Verena
               and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {Towards New Data Spaces for the Study of Multiple Documents with
               Va.Si.Li-Lab: A Conceptual Analysis},
  booktitle = {Students', Graduates' and Young Professionals' Critical Use of
               Online Information: Digital Performance Assessment and Training
               within and across Domains},
  year      = {2024},
  publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},
  address   = {Cham},
  pages     = {259--303},
  abstract  = {The constitution of multiple documents has so far been studied
               essentially as a process in which a single learner consults a
               number (of segments) of different documents in the context of
               the task at hand in order to construct a mental model for the
               purpose of completing the task. As a result of this research focus,
               the constitution of multiple documents appears predominantly as
               a monomodal, non-interactive process in which mainly textual units
               are studied, supplemented by images, text-image relations and
               comparable artifacts. This approach is reflected in the contextual
               fixity of the research design, in which the learners under study
               search for information using suitably equipped computers. If,
               on the other hand, we consider the openness of multi-agent learning
               situations, this scenario lacks the aspects of interactivity,
               contextual openness and, above all, the multimodality of information
               objects, information processing and information exchange. This
               is where the chapter comes in. It describes Va.Si.Li-Lab as an
               instrument for multimodal measurement for studying and modeling
               multiple documents in the context of interactive learning in a
               multi-agent environment. To this end, the chapter places Va.Si.Li-Lab
               in the spectrum of evolutionary approaches that vary the combination
               of human and machine innovation and selection. It also combines
               the requirements of multimodal representational learning with
               various aspects of contextual plasticity to prepare Va.Si.Li-Lab
               as a system that can be used for experimental research. The chapter
               is conceptual in nature, designing a system of requirements using
               the example of Va.Si.Li-Lab to outline an experimental environment
               in which the study of Critical Online Reasoning (COR) as a group
               process becomes possible. Although the chapter illustrates some
               of these requirements with realistic data from the field of simulation-based
               learning, the focus is still conceptual rather than experimental,
               hypothesis-driven. That is, the chapter is concerned with the
               design of a technology for future research into COR processes.},
  isbn      = {978-3-031-69510-0},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-031-69510-0_12},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69510-0_12}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:et:al:2024:b,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Wontke, Dominik Alexander and Singh, Gurpreet
               and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {Va.Si.Li-ES: VR-based Dynamic Event Processing, Environment Change
               and User Feedback in Va.Si.Li-Lab},
  year      = {2024},
  isbn      = {9798400705953},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3648188.3675154},
  doi       = {10.1145/3648188.3675154},
  abstract  = {Flexibility, adaptability, modularity, and extensibility in the
               context of a collaborative system are critical features for multi-user
               hypertext systems. In addition to facilitating acceptance and
               increasing reusability, these features simplify development cycles
               and enable a larger range of application areas. However, especially
               in virtual 3D hypertext systems, many of the features are only
               partially available or not available at all. To fill this gap,
               we present an approach to virtual hypertext systems for the realization
               of dynamic event systems. Such an event system can be created
               and serialized simultaneously at run time regarding the modification
               of situational, environmental parameters. This includes informing
               users and allowing them to participate in the environmental dynamics
               of the system. We present Va.Si.Li-ES as a module of Va.Si.Li-Lab,
               describe several environmental scenarios that can be adapted,
               and provide use cases in the context of 3D hypertext systems.},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media},
  pages     = {357–-368},
  numpages  = {12},
  keywords  = {Collaborative Simulation, Environmental Event System, Hypertext, Ubiq, Va.Si.Li-Lab, Virtual Reality},
  location  = {Poznan, Poland},
  series    = {HT '24}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Mehler:2024,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {Efficient, uniform and scalable parallel NLP pre-processing with
               DUUI: Perspectives and Best Practice for the Digital Humanities},
  year      = {2024},
  month     = {08},
  editor    = {Karajgikar, Jajwalya and Janco, Andrew and Otis, Jessica},
  booktitle = {Digital Humanities Conference 2024 - Book of Abstracts (DH 2024)},
  location  = {Washington, DC, USA},
  series    = {DH},
  keywords  = {duui},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.13761079},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/DH2024_Poster.pdf},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/DH2024_Abstract.pdf},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13761079},
  pages     = {15--18},
  numpages  = {4}
}

@inproceedings{Luecking:et:al:2024,
  abstract  = {Purpose: Based on the examples of English and German, we investigate
               to what extent parsers trained on modern variants of these languages
               can be transferred to older language levels without loss. Methods:
               We developed a treebank called DoTT (https://github.com/texttechnologylab/DoTT)
               which covers, roughly, the time period from 1800 until today,
               in conjunction with the further development of the annotation
               tool DependencyAnnotator. DoTT consists of a collection of diachronic
               corpora enriched with dependency annotations using 3 parsers,
               6 pre-trained language models, 5 newly trained models for German,
               and two tag sets (TIGER and Universal Dependencies). To assess
               how the different parsers perform on texts from different time
               periods, we created a gold standard sample as a benchmark. Results:
               We found that the parsers/models perform quite well on modern
               texts (document-level LAS ranging from 82.89 to 88.54) and slightly
               worse on older texts, as expected (average document-level LAS
               84.60 vs. 86.14), but not significantly. For German texts, the
               (German) TIGER scheme achieved slightly better results than UD.
               Conclusion: Overall, this result speaks for the transferability
               of parsers to past language levels, at least dating back until
               around 1800. This very transferability, it is however argued,
               means that studies of language change in the field of dependency
               syntax can draw on dependency distance but miss out on some grammatical
               phenomena.},
  address   = {Torino, Italy},
  author    = {L{\"u}cking, Andy and Abrami, Giuseppe and Hammerla, Leon and Rahn, Marc
               and Baumartz, Daniel and Eger, Steffen and Mehler, Alexander},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational
               Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)},
  editor    = {Calzolari, Nicoletta and Kan, Min-Yen and Hoste, Veronique and Lenci, Alessandro
               and Sakti, Sakriani and Xue, Nianwen},
  month     = {may},
  pages     = {4641--4653},
  publisher = {ELRA and ICCL},
  title     = {Dependencies over Times and Tools ({D}o{TT})},
  url       = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.415},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/LREC_2024_Poster_DoTT.pdf},
  year      = {2024}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:et:al:2024:a,
  abstract  = {In 2022, the largest German-speaking corpus of parliamentary protocols
               from three different centuries, on a national and federal level
               from the countries of Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Liechtenstein,
               was collected and published - GerParCor. Through GerParCor, it
               became possible to provide for the first time various parliamentary
               protocols which were not available digitally and, moreover, could
               not be retrieved and processed in a uniform manner. Furthermore,
               GerParCor was additionally preprocessed using NLP methods and
               made available in XMI format. In this paper, GerParCor is significantly
               updated by including all new parliamentary protocols in the corpus,
               as well as adding and preprocessing further parliamentary protocols
               previously not covered, so that a period up to 1797 is now covered.
               Besides the integration of a new, state-of-the-art and appropriate
               NLP preprocessing for the handling of large text corpora, this
               update also provides an overview of the further reuse of GerParCor
               by presenting various provisioning capabilities such as API's,
               among others.},
  address   = {Torino, Italy},
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Bagci, Mevl{\"u}t and Mehler, Alexander},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational
               Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)},
  editor    = {Calzolari, Nicoletta and Kan, Min-Yen and Hoste, Veronique and Lenci, Alessandro
               and Sakti, Sakriani and Xue, Nianwen},
  pages     = {7707--7716},
  publisher = {ELRA and ICCL},
  title     = {{G}erman Parliamentary Corpus ({G}er{P}ar{C}or) Reloaded},
  url       = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.681},
  pdf       = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.681.pdf},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/GerParCor_Reloaded_Poster.pdf},
  video     = {https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5X-w_oXOAYo},
  keywords  = {gerparcor,corpus},
  year      = {2024}
}

@inproceedings{Boenisch:et:al:2023,
  title     = {{Bundestags-Mine}: Natural Language Processing for Extracting
               Key Information from Government Documents},
  isbn      = {9781643684734},
  issn      = {1879-8314},
  url       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/FAIA230996},
  doi       = {10.3233/faia230996},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  author    = {B\"{o}nisch, Kevin and Abrami, Giuseppe and Wehnert, Sabine and Mehler, Alexander},
  year      = {2023}
}

@inproceedings{Leonhardt:et:al:2023,
  title     = {Unlocking the Heterogeneous Landscape of Big Data {NLP} with {DUUI}},
  author    = {Leonhardt, Alexander and Abrami, Giuseppe and Baumartz, Daniel
               and Mehler, Alexander},
  editor    = {Bouamor, Houda and Pino, Juan and Bali, Kalika},
  booktitle = {Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023},
  year      = {2023},
  address   = {Singapore},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  url       = {https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.29},
  pages     = {385--399},
  pdf       = {https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.29.pdf},
  abstract  = {Automatic analysis of large corpora is a complex task, especially
               in terms of time efficiency. This complexity is increased by the
               fact that flexible, extensible text analysis requires the continuous
               integration of ever new tools. Since there are no adequate frameworks
               for these purposes in the field of NLP, and especially in the
               context of UIMA, that are not outdated or unusable for security
               reasons, we present a new approach to address the latter task:
               Docker Unified UIMA Interface (DUUI), a scalable, flexible, lightweight,
               and feature-rich framework for automatic distributed analysis
               of text corpora that leverages Big Data experience and virtualization
               with Docker. We evaluate DUUI{'}s communication approach against
               a state-of-the-art approach and demonstrate its outstanding behavior
               in terms of time efficiency, enabling the analysis of big text
               data.},
  keywords  = {duui}
}

@inproceedings{Babbili:et:al:2023,
  author    = {Babbili, Shaduan and B\"{o}nisch, Kevin and Heinrich, Yannick
               and Stephan, Philipp and Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {Viki LibraRy: A Virtual Reality Library for Collaborative Browsing
               and Navigation through Hypertext},
  year      = {2023},
  isbn      = {9798400702327},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3603163.3609079},
  doi       = {10.1145/3603163.3609079},
  abstract  = {We present Viki LibraRy, a virtual-reality-based system for generating
               and exploring online information as a spatial hypertext. It creates
               a virtual library based on Wikipedia in which Rooms are used to
               make data available via a RESTful backend. In these Rooms, users
               can browse through all articles of the corresponding Wikipedia
               category in the form of Books. In addition, users can access different
               Rooms, through virtual portals. Beyond that, the explorations
               can be done alone or collaboratively, using Ubiq.},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media},
  articleno = {6},
  numpages  = {3},
  keywords  = {virtual reality simulation, virtual reality, virtual hypertext, virtual museum},
  location  = {Rome, Italy},
  series    = {HT '23},
  pdf       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603163.3609079}
}

@inproceedings{Gagel:et:al:2023,
  author    = {Gagel, Julian and Hustedt, Jasper and L\"{u}ttig, Timo and Berg, Theresa
               and Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {News in Time and Space: Global Event Exploration in Virtual Reality},
  year      = {2023},
  isbn      = {9798400702327},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3603163.3609080},
  doi       = {10.1145/3603163.3609080},
  abstract  = {We present News in Time and Space (NiTS), a virtual reality application
               for visualization, filtering and interaction with geo-referenced
               events based on GDELT. It can be used both via VR glasses and
               as a desktop solution for shared use by multiple users with Ubiq.
               The aim of NiTS is to provide overviews of global events and trends
               in order to create a resource for their monitoring and analysis.},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media},
  articleno = {7},
  numpages  = {3},
  keywords  = {virtual hypertext, human data interaction, spatial computing, virtual reality simulation, geographic information systems, virtual reality},
  location  = {Rome, Italy},
  series    = {HT '23},
  pdf       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603163.3609080}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:et:al:2023,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Bagci, Mevl\"{u}t and Schrottenbacher, Patrick
               and Henlein, Alexander and Spiekermann, Christian and Engel, Juliane
               and Schreiber, Jakob},
  title     = {Va.Si.Li-Lab as a Collaborative Multi-User Annotation Tool in
               Virtual Reality and Its Potential Fields of Application},
  year      = {2023},
  isbn      = {9798400702327},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3603163.3609076},
  doi       = {10.1145/3603163.3609076},
  abstract  = {During the last thirty years a variety of hypertext approaches
               and virtual environments -- some virtual hypertext environments
               -- have been developed and discussed. Although the development
               of virtual and augmented reality technologies is rapid and improving,
               and many technologies can be used at affordable conditions, their
               usability for hypertext systems has not yet been explored. At
               the same time, even for virtual three-dimensional virtual and
               augmented environments, there is no generally accepted concept
               that is similar or nearly as elegant as hypertext. This gap will
               have to be filled in the next years and a good concept should
               be developed; in this article we aim to contribute in this direction
               and also introduce a prototype for a possible implementation of
               criteria for virtual hypertext simulations.},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media},
  articleno = {22},
  numpages  = {9},
  keywords  = {VaSiLiLab, virtual hypertext, virtual reality, virtual reality simulation, authoring system},
  location  = {Rome, Italy},
  series    = {HT '23},
  pdf       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603163.3609076}
}

@inproceedings{Henlein:et:al:2023b,
  author    = {Henlein, Alexander and Kett, Attila and Baumartz, Daniel and Abrami, Giuseppe
               and Mehler, Alexander and Bastian, Johannes and Blecher, Yannic and Budgenhagen, David
               and Christof, Roman and Ewald, Tim-Oliver and Fauerbach, Tim and Masny, Patrick
               and Mende, Julian and Schn{\"u}re, Paul and Viel, Marc},
  editor    = {Duffy, Vincent G.},
  title     = {Semantic Scene Builder: Towards a Context Sensitive Text-to-3D Scene Framework},
  booktitle = {Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics
               and Risk Management},
  year      = {2023},
  publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},
  address   = {Cham},
  pages     = {461--479},
  abstract  = {We introduce Semantic Scene Builder (SeSB), a VR-based text-to-3D
               scene framework using SemAF (Semantic Annotation Framework) as
               a scheme for annotating discourse structures. SeSB integrates
               a variety of tools and resources by using SemAF and UIMA as a
               unified data structure to generate 3D scenes from textual descriptions.
               Based on VR, SeSB allows its users to change annotations through
               body movements instead of symbolic manipulations: from annotations
               in texts to corrections in editing steps to adjustments in generated
               scenes, all this is done by grabbing and moving objects. We evaluate
               SeSB in comparison with a state-of-the-art open source text-to-scene
               method (the only one which is publicly available) and find that
               our approach not only performs better, but also allows for modeling
               a greater variety of scenes.},
  isbn      = {978-3-031-35748-0},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-031-35748-0_32}
}

@inproceedings{Mehler:et:al:2023:a,
  abstract  = {Simulation-based learning is a method in which learners learn
               to master real-life scenarios and tasks from simulated application
               contexts. It is particularly suitable for the use of VR technologies,
               as these allow immersive experiences of the targeted scenarios.
               VR methods are also relevant for studies on online learning, especially
               in groups, as they provide access to a variety of multimodal learning
               and interaction data. However, VR leads to a trade-off between
               technological conditions of the observability of such data and
               the openness of learner behavior. We present Va.Si.Li-Lab, a VR-L
               ab for Simulation-based Learn ing developed to address this trade-off.
               Va.Si.Li-Lab uses a graph-theoretical model based on hypergraphs
               to represent the data diversity of multimodal learning and interaction.
               We develop this data model in relation to mono- and multimodal,
               intra- and interpersonal data and interleave it with ISO-Space
               to describe distributed multiple documents from the perspective
               of their interactive generation. The paper adds three use cases
               to motivate the broad applicability of Va.Si.Li-Lab and its data
               model.},
  address   = {Cham},
  author    = {Mehler, Alexander and Bagci, Mevl{\"u}t and Henlein, Alexander
               and Abrami, Giuseppe and Spiekermann, Christian and Schrottenbacher, Patrick
               and Konca, Maxim and L{\"u}cking, Andy and Engel, Juliane and Quintino, Marc
               and Schreiber, Jakob and Saukel, Kevin and Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia, Olga},
  booktitle = {Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics
               and Risk Management},
  editor    = {Duffy, Vincent G.},
  isbn      = {978-3-031-35741-1},
  pages     = {539--565},
  publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},
  title     = {A Multimodal Data Model for Simulation-Based Learning with Va.Si.Li-Lab},
  year      = {2023},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-031-35741-1_39}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Bagci:Hammerla:Mehler:2022,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Bagci, Mevlüt and Hammerla, Leon and Mehler, Alexander},
  editor    = {Calzolari, Nicoletta and B\'echet, Fr\'ed\'eric and Blache, Philippe
               and Choukri, Khalid and Cieri, Christopher and Declerck, Thierry and Goggi, Sara
               and Isahara, Hitoshi and Maegaard, Bente and Mariani, Joseph and Mazo, H\'el\`ene
               and Odijk, Jan and Piperidis, Stelios},
  title     = {German Parliamentary Corpus (GerParCor)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference},
  year      = {2022},
  address   = {Marseille, France},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association},
  pages     = {1900--1906},
  abstract  = {Parliamentary debates represent a large and partly unexploited
               treasure trove of publicly accessible texts. In the German-speaking
               area, there is a certain deficit of uniformly accessible and annotated
               corpora covering all German-speaking parliaments at the national
               and federal level. To address this gap, we introduce the German
               Parliamentary Corpus (GerParCor). GerParCor is a genre-specific
               corpus of (predominantly historical) German-language parliamentary
               protocols from three centuries and four countries, including state
               and federal level data. In addition, GerParCor contains conversions
               of scanned protocols and, in particular, of protocols in Fraktur
               converted via an OCR process based on Tesseract. All protocols
               were preprocessed by means of the NLP pipeline of spaCy3 and automatically
               annotated with metadata regarding their session date. GerParCor
               is made available in the XMI format of the UIMA project. In this
               way, GerParCor can be used as a large corpus of historical texts
               in the field of political communication for various tasks in NLP.},
  url       = {https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.202},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/GerParCor_LREC_2022.pdf},
  keywords  = {gerparcor},
  pdf       = {http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2022/pdf/2022.lrec-1.202.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Luecking:Stoeckel:Abrami:Mehler:2022,
  author    = {L{\"u}cking, Andy and Stoeckel, Manuel and Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {I still have Time(s): Extending {HeidelTime} for {German} Texts},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference},
  series    = {LREC 2022},
  location  = {Marseille, France},
  year      = {2022},
  url       = {https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.505},
  pdf       = {https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.505.pdf}
}

@incollection{Henlein:et:al:2021,
  author    = {Alexander Henlein and Giuseppe Abrami and Attila Kett and Christian Spiekermann
               and Alexander Mehler},
  title     = {Digital Learning, Teaching and Collaboration in an Era of ubiquitous Quarantine},
  editor    = {Linda Daniela and Anna Visvizin},
  booktitle = {Remote Learning in Times of Pandemic - Issues, Implications and Best Practice},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address   = {Thames, Oxfordshire, England, UK},
  year      = {2021},
  chapter   = {3}
}

@article{Luecking:et:al:2021,
  author    = {Andy Lücking and Christine Driller and Manuel Stoeckel and Giuseppe Abrami
               and Adrian Pachzelt and Alexander Mehler},
  year      = {2021},
  journal   = {Language Resources and Evaluation},
  title     = {Multiple Annotation for Biodiversity: Developing an annotation
               framework among biology, linguistics and text technology},
  editor    = {Nancy Ide and Nicoletta Calzolari},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10579-021-09553-5},
  pdf       = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10579-021-09553-5.pdf},
  keywords  = {biofid}
}

@inproceedings{Fischer:et:al:2021,
  author    = {Fischer, Pascal and Smajic, Alen and Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {Multi-Type-TD-TSR - Extracting Tables from Document Images using
               a Multi-stage Pipeline for Table Detection and Table Structure
               Recognition: from OCR to Structured Table Representations},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 44th German Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  series    = {KI2021},
  location  = {Berlin, Germany},
  year      = {2021},
  url       = {https://www.springerprofessional.de/multi-type-td-tsr-extracting-tables-from-document-images-using-a/19711570},
  pdf       = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.11021.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:et:al:2021,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Henlein, Alexander and Lücking, Andy and Kett, Attila
               and Adeberg, Pascal and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {Unleashing annotations with {TextAnnotator}: Multimedia, multi-perspective
               document views for ubiquitous annotation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th Joint ACL - ISO Workshop on Interoperable
               Semantic Annotation},
  series    = {ISA-17},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  address   = {Groningen, The Netherlands (online)},
  month     = {June},
  editor    = {Bunt, Harry},
  year      = {2021},
  url       = {https://aclanthology.org/2021.isa-1.7},
  pages     = {65--75},
  keywords  = {textannotator},
  pdf       = {https://iwcs2021.github.io/proceedings/isa/pdf/2021.isa-1.7.pdf},
  abstract  = {We argue that mainly due to technical innovation in the landscape
               of annotation tools, a conceptual change in annotation models
               and processes is also on the horizon. It is diagnosed that these
               changes are bound up with multi-media and multi-perspective facilities
               of annotation tools, in particular when considering virtual reality
               (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications, their potential
               ubiquitous use, and the exploitation of externally trained natural
               language pre-processing methods. Such developments potentially
               lead to a dynamic and exploratory heuristic construction of the
               annotation process. With TextAnnotator an annotation suite is
               introduced which focuses on multi-mediality and multi-perspectivity
               with an interoperable set of task-specific annotation modules
               (e.g., for word classification, rhetorical structures, dependency
               trees, semantic roles, and more) and their linkage to VR and mobile
               implementations. The basic architecture and usage of TextAnnotator
               is described and related to the above mentioned shifts in the
               field.}
}

@article{Luecking:Brueckner:Abrami:Uslu:Mehler:2021,
  journal   = {Frontiers in Education},
  doi       = {10.3389/feduc.2020.578475},
  title     = {Computational linguistic assessment of textbooks and online texts
               by means of threshold concepts in economics},
  author    = {L{\"u}cking, Andy and Br{\"u}ckner, Sebastian and Abrami, Giuseppe
               and Uslu, Tolga and Mehler, Alexander},
  eid       = {578475},
  url       = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2020.578475/},
  year      = {2021}
}

@article{Luecking:et:al:2020,
  author    = {Andy L{\"{u}}cking and Sebastian Br{\"{u}}ckner and Giuseppe Abrami
               and Tolga Uslu and Alexander Mehler},
  title     = {Computational linguistic assessment of textbook and online learning
               media by means of threshold concepts in business education},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2008.02096},
  year      = {2020},
  url       = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.02096},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint    = {2008.02096},
  timestamp = {Fri, 07 Aug 2020 15:07:21 +0200},
  biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2008-02096.bib},
  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@article{Driller:et:al:2020,
  author    = {Christine Driller and Markus Koch and Giuseppe Abrami and Wahed Hemati
               and Andy Lücking and Alexander Mehler and Adrian Pachzelt and Gerwin Kasperek},
  title     = {Fast and Easy Access to Central European Biodiversity Data with BIOfid},
  volume    = {4},
  number    = {},
  year      = {2020},
  doi       = {10.3897/biss.4.59157},
  publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},
  abstract  = {The storage of data in public repositories such as the Global
               Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) or the National Center
               for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is nowadays stipulated in
               the policies of many publishers in order to facilitate data replication
               or proliferation. Species occurrence records contained in legacy
               printed literature are no exception to this. The extent of their
               digital and machine-readable availability, however, is still far
               from matching the existing data volume (Thessen and Parr 2014).
               But precisely these data are becoming more and more relevant to
               the investigation of ongoing loss of biodiversity. In order to
               extract species occurrence records at a larger scale from available
               publications, one has to apply specialised text mining tools.
               However, such tools are in short supply especially for scientific
               literature in the German language.The Specialised Information
               Service Biodiversity Research*1 BIOfid (Koch et al. 2017) aims
               at reducing this desideratum, inter alia, by preparing a searchable
               text corpus semantically enriched by a new kind of multi-label
               annotation. For this purpose, we feed manual annotations into
               automatic, machine-learning annotators. This mixture of automatic
               and manual methods is needed, because BIOfid approaches a new
               application area with respect to language (mainly German of the
               19th century), text type (biological reports), and linguistic
               focus (technical and everyday language).We will present current
               results of the performance of BIOfid’s semantic search engine
               and the application of independent natural language processing
               (NLP) tools. Most of these are freely available online, such as
               TextImager (Hemati et al. 2016). We will show how TextImager is
               tied into the BIOfid pipeline and how it is made scalable (e.g.
               extendible by further modules) and usable on different systems
               (docker containers).Further, we will provide a short introduction
               to generating machine-learning training data using TextAnnotator
               (Abrami et al. 2019) for multi-label annotation. Annotation reproducibility
               can be assessed by the implementation of inter-annotator agreement
               methods (Abrami et al. 2020). Beyond taxon recognition and entity
               linking, we place particular emphasis on location and time information.
               For this purpose, our annotation tag-set combines general categories
               and biology-specific categories (including taxonomic names) with
               location and time ontologies. The application of the annotation
               categories is regimented by annotation guidelines (Lücking et
               al. 2020). Within the next years, our work deliverable will be
               a semantically accessible and data-extractable text corpus of
               around two million pages. In this way, BIOfid is creating a new
               valuable resource that expands our knowledge of biodiversity and
               its determinants.},
  issn      = {},
  pages     = {e59157},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.59157},
  eprint    = {https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.59157},
  journal   = {Biodiversity Information Science and Standards},
  keywords  = {biofid}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Mehler:Stoeckel:2020,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Stoeckel, Manuel},
  title     = {{TextAnnotator}: A web-based annotation suite for texts},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Digital Humanities 2020},
  series    = {DH 2020},
  location  = {Ottawa, Canada},
  year      = {2020},
  url       = {https://dh2020.adho.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/547_TextAnnotatorAwebbasedannotationsuitefortexts.html},
  doi       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17613/tenm-4907},
  abstract  = {The TextAnnotator is a tool for simultaneous and collaborative
               annotation of texts with visual annotation support, integration
               of knowledge bases and, by pipelining the TextImager, a rich variety
               of pre-processing and automatic annotation tools. It includes
               a variety of modules for the annotation of texts, which contains
               the annotation of argumentative, rhetorical, propositional and
               temporal structures as well as a module for named entity linking
               and rapid annotation of named entities. Especially the modules
               for annotation of temporal, argumentative and propositional structures
               are currently unique in web-based annotation tools. The TextAnnotator,
               which allows the annotation of texts as a platform, is divided
               into a front- and a backend component. The backend is a web service
               based on WebSockets, which integrates the UIMA Database Interface
               to manage and use texts. Texts are made accessible by using the
               ResourceManager and the AuthorityManager, based on user and group
               access permissions. Different views of a document can be created
               and used depending on the scenario. Once a document has been opened,
               access is gained to the annotations stored within annotation views
               in which these are organized. Any annotation view can be assigned
               with access permissions and by default, each user obtains his
               or her own user view for every annotated document. In addition,
               with sufficient access permissions, all annotation views can also
               be used and curated. This allows the possibility to calculate
               an Inter-Annotator-Agreement for a document, which shows an agreement
               between the annotators. Annotators without sufficient rights cannot
               display this value so that the annotators do not influence each
               other. This contribution is intended to reflect the current state
               of development of TextAnnotator, demonstrate the possibilities
               of an instantaneous Inter-Annotator-Agreement and trigger a discussion
               about further functions for the community.},
  keywords  = {textannotator},
  poster    = {https://hcommons.org/deposits/download/hc:31816/CONTENT/dh2020_textannotator_poster.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Stoeckel:Mehler:2020,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Stoeckel, Manuel and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {TextAnnotator: A UIMA Based Tool for the Simultaneous and Collaborative
               Annotation of Texts},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of The 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference},
  year      = {2020},
  address   = {Marseille, France},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association},
  pages     = {891--900},
  isbn      = {979-10-95546-34-4},
  abstract  = {The annotation of texts and other material in the field of digital
               humanities and Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a common task
               of research projects. At the same time, the annotation of corpora
               is certainly the most time- and cost-intensive component in research
               projects and often requires a high level of expertise according
               to the research interest. However, for the annotation of texts,
               a wide range of tools is available, both for automatic and manual
               annotation. Since the automatic pre-processing methods are not
               error-free and there is an increasing demand for the generation
               of training data, also with regard to machine learning, suitable
               annotation tools are required. This paper defines criteria of
               flexibility and efficiency of complex annotations for the assessment
               of existing annotation tools. To extend this list of tools, the
               paper describes TextAnnotator, a browser-based, multi-annotation
               system, which has been developed to perform platform-independent
               multimodal annotations and annotate complex textual structures.
               The paper illustrates the current state of development of TextAnnotator
               and demonstrates its ability to evaluate annotation quality (inter-annotator
               agreement) at runtime. In addition, it will be shown how annotations
               of different users can be performed simultaneously and collaboratively
               on the same document from different platforms using UIMA as the
               basis for annotation.},
  url       = {https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.lrec-1.112},
  keywords  = {textannotator},
  pdf       = {http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2020/pdf/2020.lrec-1.112.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Henlein:Kett:Mehler:2020,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Henlein, Alexander and Kett, Attila and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {{Text2SceneVR}: Generating Hypertexts with VAnnotatoR as a Pre-processing
               Step for Text2Scene Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media},
  series    = {HT ’20},
  year      = {2020},
  location  = {Virtual Event, USA},
  isbn      = {9781450370981},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3372923.3404791},
  doi       = {10.1145/3372923.3404791},
  pages     = {177–186},
  numpages  = {10},
  pdf       = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3372923.3404791}
}

@article{Mehler:et:al:2020b,
  author    = {Mehler, Alexander and Jussen, Bernhard and Geelhaar, Tim and Henlein, Alexander
               and Abrami, Giuseppe and Baumartz, Daniel and Uslu, Tolga and Hemati, Wahed},
  title     = {{The Frankfurt Latin Lexicon. From Morphological Expansion and
               Word Embeddings to SemioGraphs}},
  journal   = {Studi e Saggi Linguistici},
  doi       = {10.4454/ssl.v58i1.276},
  year      = {2020},
  volume    = {58},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {121--155},
  abstract  = {In this article we present the Frankfurt Latin Lexicon (FLL),
               a lexical resource for Medieval Latin that is used both for the
               lemmatization of Latin texts and for the post-editing of lemmatizations.
               We describe recent advances in the development of lemmatizers
               and test them against the Capitularies corpus (comprising Frankish
               royal edicts, mid-6th to mid-9th century), a corpus created as
               a reference for processing Medieval Latin. We also consider the
               post-correction of lemmatizations using a limited crowdsourcing
               process aimed at continuous review and updating of the FLL. Starting
               from the texts resulting from this lemmatization process, we describe
               the extension of the FLL by means of word embeddings, whose interactive
               traversing by means of SemioGraphs completes the digital enhanced
               hermeneutic circle. In this way, the article argues for a more
               comprehensive understanding of lemmatization, encompassing classical
               machine learning as well as intellectual post-corrections and,
               in particular, human computation in the form of interpretation
               processes based on graph representations of the underlying lexical
               resources.},
  url       = {https://www.studiesaggilinguistici.it/index.php/ssl/article/view/276},
  pdf       = {https://www.studiesaggilinguistici.it/index.php/ssl/article/download/276/219}
}

@inproceedings{Henlein:et:al:2020,
  author    = {Henlein, Alexander and Abrami, Giuseppe and Kett, Attila and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {Transfer of ISOSpace into a 3D Environment for Annotations and Applications},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th Joint ACL - ISO Workshop on Interoperable
               Semantic Annotation},
  month     = {May},
  year      = {2020},
  address   = {Marseille},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association},
  pages     = {32--35},
  abstract  = {People's visual perception is very pronounced and therefore it
               is usually no problem for them to describe the space around them
               in words. Conversely, people also have no problems imagining a
               concept of a described space. In recent years many efforts have
               been made to develop a linguistic concept for spatial and spatial-temporal
               relations. However, the systems have not really caught on so far,
               which in our opinion is due to the complex models on which they
               are based and the lack of available training data and automated
               taggers. In this paper we describe a project to support spatial
               annotation, which could facilitate annotation by its many functions,
               but also enrich it with many more information. This is to be achieved
               by an extension by means of a VR environment, with which spatial
               relations can be better visualized and connected with real objects.
               And we want to use the available data to develop a new state-of-the-art
               tagger and thus lay the foundation for future systems such as
               improved text understanding for Text2Scene.},
  url       = {https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.isa-1.4},
  pdf       = {http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2020/workshops/ISA16/pdf/2020.isa-1.4.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Kuehn:Abrami:Mehler:2020,
  author    = {Vincent K{\"{u}}hn and Giuseppe Abrami and Alexander Mehler},
  editor    = {Jessie Y. C. Chen and Gino Fragomeni},
  title     = {WikNectVR: {A} Gesture-Based Approach for Interacting in Virtual
               Reality Based on WikNect and Gestural Writing},
  booktitle = {Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality. Design and Interaction -
               12th International Conference, {VAMR} 2020, Held as Part of the
               22nd {HCI} International Conference, {HCII} 2020, Copenhagen,
               Denmark, July 19-24, 2020, Proceedings, Part {I}},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume    = {12190},
  pages     = {299--312},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year      = {2020},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49695-1_20},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-49695-1_20},
  timestamp = {Tue, 14 Jul 2020 10:55:57 +0200},
  biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/conf/hci/KuhnAM20.bib},
  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@inbook{Abrami:et:al:2020,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Spiekermann, Christian
               and Kett, Attila and L{\"o}{\"o}ck, Simon and Schwarz, Lukas},
  editor    = {Daniela, Linda},
  title     = {Educational Technologies in the area of ubiquitous historical
               computing in virtual reality},
  booktitle = {New Perspectives on Virtual and Augmented Reality: Finding New
               Ways to Teach in a Transformed Learning Environment},
  year      = {2020},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  abstract  = {At ever shorter intervals, new technologies are being developed
               that are opening up more and more areas of application. This regards,
               for example, Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) devices.
               In addition to the private sector, the public and education sectors,
               which already make intensive use of these devices, benefit from
               these technologies. However, especially in the field of historical
               education, there are not many frameworks for generating immersive
               virtual environments that can be used flexibly enough. This chapter
               addresses this gap by means of VAnnotatoR. VAnnotatoR is a versatile
               framework for the creation and use of virtual environments that
               serve to model historical processes in historical education. The
               paper describes the building blocks of VAnnotatoR and describes
               applications in historical education.},
  isbn      = {978-0-367-43211-9},
  url       = {https://www.routledge.com/New-Perspectives-on-Virtual-and-Augmented-Reality-Finding-New-Ways-to-Teach/Daniela/p/book/9780367432119}
}

@inproceedings{Mehler:Abrami:2019,
  author    = {Mehler, Alexander and Abrami, Giuseppe},
  title     = {{VAnnotatoR}: A framework for the multimodal reconstruction of
               historical situations and spaces},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Time Machine Conference},
  year      = {2019},
  date      = {October 10-11},
  address   = {Dresden, Germany},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/TimeMachineConference.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:et:al:2019,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Lücking, Andy and Rieb, Elias
               and Helfrich, Philipp},
  title     = {{TextAnnotator}: A flexible framework for semantic annotations},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifteenth Joint ACL - ISO Workshop on Interoperable
               Semantic Annotation, (ISA-15)},
  series    = {ISA-15},
  location  = {Gothenburg, Sweden},
  month     = {May},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/TextAnnotator_IWCS_Göteborg.pdf},
  year      = {2019},
  keywords  = {textannotator},
  abstract  = {Modern annotation tools should meet at least the following general
               requirements: they can handle diverse data and annotation levels
               within one tool, and they support the annotation process with
               automatic (pre-)processing outcomes as much as possible. We developed
               a framework that meets these general requirements and that enables
               versatile and browser-based annotations of texts, the TextAnnotator.
               It combines NLP methods of pre-processing with methods of flexible
               post-processing. Infact, machine learning (ML) requires a lot
               of training and test data, but is usually far from achieving perfect
               results. Producing high-level annotations for ML and post-correcting
               its results are therefore necessary. This is the purpose of TextAnnotator,
               which is entirely implemented in ExtJS and provides a range of
               interactive visualizations of annotations. In addition, it allows
               for flexibly integrating knowledge resources, e.g. in the course
               of post-processing named entity recognition. The paper describes
               TextAnnotator’s architecture together with three use cases: annotating
               temporal structures, argument structures and named entity linking.}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Mehler:Spiekermann:2019,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Spiekermann, Christian},
  title     = {{Graph-based Format for Modeling Multimodal Annotations in Virtual
               Reality by Means of VAnnotatoR}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21th International Conference on Human-Computer
               Interaction, HCII 2019},
  series    = {HCII 2019},
  location  = {Orlando, Florida, USA},
  editor    = {Stephanidis, Constantine and Antona, Margherita},
  month     = {July},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  address   = {Cham},
  pages     = {351--358},
  abstract  = {Projects in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), the
               Digital Humanities (DH) and related disciplines dealing with machine
               learning of complex relationships between data objects need annotations
               to obtain sufficiently rich training and test sets. The visualization
               of such data sets and their underlying Human Computer Interaction
               (HCI) are perennial problems of computer science. However, despite
               some success stories, the clarity of information presentation
               and the flexibility of the annotation process may decrease with
               the complexity of the underlying data objects and their relationships.
               In order to face this problem, the so-called VAnnotatoR was developed,
               as a flexible annotation tool using 3D glasses and augmented reality
               devices, which enables annotation and visualization in three-dimensional
               virtual environments. In addition, multimodal objects are annotated
               and visualized within a graph-based approach.},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-30712-7},
  pdf       = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007\%2F978-3-030-30712-7_44.pdf},
  year      = {2019}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Spiekermann:Mehler:2019,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Spiekermann, Christian and Mehler, Alexander},
  title     = {{VAnnotatoR: Ein Werkzeug zur Annotation multimodaler Netzwerke
               in dreidimensionalen virtuellen Umgebungen}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th Digital Humanities Conference in the German-speaking
               Countries, DHd 2019},
  series    = {DHd 2019},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Preprint_VAnnotatoR_DHd2019.pdf},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/DHDVAnnotatoRPoster.pdf},
  location  = {Frankfurt, Germany},
  year      = {2019}
}

@inproceedings{Hemati:Mehler:Uslu:Abrami:2019,
  author    = {Hemati, Wahed and Mehler, Alexander and Uslu, Tolga and Abrami, Giuseppe},
  title     = {{Der TextImager als Front- und Backend für das verteilte NLP von
               Big Digital Humanities Data}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th Digital Humanities Conference in the German-speaking
               Countries, DHd 2019},
  series    = {DHd 2019},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Der-TextImager-als-Fron-und-Backend.pdf},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/DHD19_TextImager.pdf},
  location  = {Frankfurt, Germany},
  year      = {2019}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:et:al:2018,
  author    = {Giuseppe Abrami and Alexander Mehler and Philipp Helfrich and Elias Rieb},
  title     = {{TextAnnotator}: A Browser-based Framework for Annotating Textual
               Data in Digital Humanities},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Digital Humanities Austria 2018},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/TA__A_Browser_based_Framework_for_Annotating_Textual_Data_in_Digital_Humanities.pdf},
  location  = {Salzburg, Austria},
  year      = {2018}
}

@inproceedings{Weiland:et:al:2018,
  author    = {Claus Weiland and Christine Driller and Markus Koch and Marco Schmidt
               and Giuseppe Abrami and Sajawel Ahmed and Alexander Mehler and Adrian Pachzelt
               and Gerwin Kasperek and Angela Hausinger and Thomas Hörnschemeyer},
  title     = {{BioFID}, a platform to enhance accessibility of biodiversity data},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics},
  year      = {2018},
  url       = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marco_Schmidt3/publication/327940813_BIOfid_a_Platform_to_Enhance_Accessibility_of_Biodiversity_Data/links/5bae3e3e92851ca9ed2cd60f/BIOfid-a-Platform-to-Enhance-Accessibility-of-Biodiversity-Data.pdf?origin=publication_detail},
  location  = {Jena, Germany}
}

@inproceedings{Kett:et:al:2018,
  author    = {Attila Kett and Giuseppe Abrami and Alexander Mehler and Christian Spiekermann},
  title     = {{Resources2City Explorer}: A System for Generating Interactive
               Walkable Virtual Cities out of File Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st ACM User Interface Software and Technology Symposium},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/UIST2018Final.pdf},
  location  = {Berlin, Germany},
  abstract  = {We present Resources2City Explorer (R2CE), a tool for representing
               file systems as interactive, walkable virtual cities. R2CE visualizes
               file systems based on concepts of spatial, 3D information processing.
               For this purpose, it extends the range of functions of conventional
               file browsers considerably. Visual elements in a city generated
               by R2CE represent (relations of) objects of the underlying file
               system. The paper describes the functional spectrum of R2CE and
               illustrates it by visualizing a sample of 940 files.},
  year      = {2018}
}

@article{Driller:et:al:2018,
  author    = {Christine Driller and Markus Koch and Marco Schmidt and Claus Weiland
               and Thomas Hörnschemeyer and Thomas Hickler and Giuseppe Abrami and Sajawel Ahmed
               and Rüdiger Gleim and Wahed Hemati and Tolga Uslu and Alexander Mehler
               and Adrian Pachzelt and Jashar Rexhepi and Thomas Risse and Janina Schuster
               and Gerwin Kasperek and Angela Hausinger},
  title     = {Workflow and Current Achievements of BIOfid, an Information Service
               Mobilizing Biodiversity Data from Literature Sources},
  volume    = {2},
  number    = {},
  year      = {2018},
  doi       = {10.3897/biss.2.25876},
  publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},
  abstract  = {BIOfid is a specialized information service currently being developed
               to mobilize biodiversity data dormant in printed historical and
               modern literature and to offer a platform for open access journals
               on the science of biodiversity. Our team of librarians, computer
               scientists and biologists produce high-quality text digitizations,
               develop new text-mining tools and generate detailed ontologies
               enabling semantic text analysis and semantic search by means of
               user-specific queries. In a pilot project we focus on German publications
               on the distribution and ecology of vascular plants, birds, moths
               and butterflies extending back to the Linnaeus period about 250
               years ago. The three organism groups have been selected according
               to current demands of the relevant research community in Germany.
               The text corpus defined for this purpose comprises over 400 volumes
               with more than 100,000 pages to be digitized and will be complemented
               by journals from other digitization projects, copyright-free and
               project-related literature. With TextImager (Natural Language
               Processing & Text Visualization) and TextAnnotator (Discourse
               Semantic Annotation) we have already extended and launched tools
               that focus on the text-analytical section of our project. Furthermore,
               taxonomic and anatomical ontologies elaborated by us for the taxa
               prioritized by the project’s target group - German institutions
               and scientists active in biodiversity research - are constantly
               improved and expanded to maximize scientific data output. Our
               poster describes the general workflow of our project ranging from
               literature acquisition via software development, to data availability
               on the BIOfid web portal (http://biofid.de/), and the implementation
               into existing platforms which serve to promote global accessibility
               of biodiversity data.},
  issn      = {},
  pages     = {e25876},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25876},
  eprint    = {https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25876},
  journal   = {Biodiversity Information Science and Standards},
  keywords  = {biofid}
}

@inproceedings{Mehler:Abrami:Spiekermann:Jostock:2018,
  author    = {Mehler, Alexander and Abrami, Giuseppe and Spiekermann, Christian
               and Jostock, Matthias},
  title     = {{VAnnotatoR}: {A} Framework for Generating Multimodal Hypertexts},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media},
  series    = {Proceedings of the 29th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media (HT '18)},
  year      = {2018},
  location  = {Baltimore, Maryland},
  publisher = {ACM},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  pdf       = {http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/3210000/3209572/p150-mehler.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Hemati:Mehler:Uslu:Baumartz:Abrami:2018,
  author    = {Wahed Hemati and Alexander Mehler and Tolga Uslu and Daniel Baumartz
               and Giuseppe Abrami},
  title     = {Evaluating and Integrating Databases in the Area of {NLP}},
  booktitle = {International Quantitative Linguistics Conference (QUALICO 2018)},
  year      = {2018},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Hemat-Mehler-Uslu-Baumartz-Abrami-Qualico-2018.pdf},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/qualico2018_databases_poster_hemati_mehler_uslu_baumartz_abrami.pdf},
  location  = {Wroclaw, Poland}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Boden:Gleiss:2018,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Boden, Gertrud and Glei\ss{}, Lisa},
  title     = {{World of the Khwe Bushmen: Accessing Khwe Cultural Heritage data
               by means of a digital ontology based on OWLnotator}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Digital Humanities 2018},
  series    = {DH2018},
  location  = {Mexico City, Mexico},
  year      = {2018}
}

@inproceedings{Spiekerman:Abrami:Mehler:2018,
  author    = {Christian Spiekermann and Giuseppe Abrami and Alexander Mehler},
  title     = {{VAnnotatoR}: a Gesture-driven Annotation Framework for Linguistic
               and Multimodal Annotation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Annotation, Recognition and Evaluation of Actions
               (AREA 2018) Workshop},
  series    = {AREA},
  location  = {Miyazaki, Japan},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/VAnnotatoR.pdf},
  year      = {2018}
}

@inproceedings{Helfrich:et:al:2018,
  author    = {Philipp Helfrich and Elias Rieb and Giuseppe Abrami and Andy L{\"u}cking
               and Alexander Mehler},
  title     = {TreeAnnotator: Versatile Visual Annotation of Hierarchical Text Relations},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th edition of the Language Resources and
               Evaluation Conference, May 7 - 12},
  series    = {LREC 2018},
  address   = {Miyazaki, Japan},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TreeAnnotator.pdf},
  year      = {2018}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Mehler:2018,
  address   = {Miyazaki, Japan},
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language
               Resources and Evaluation ({LREC} 2018)},
  editor    = {Calzolari, Nicoletta and Choukri, Khalid and Cieri, Christopher
               and Declerck, Thierry and Goggi, Sara and Hasida, Koiti and Isahara, Hitoshi
               and Maegaard, Bente and Mariani, Joseph and Mazo, H{\'e}l{\`e}ne and Moreno, Asuncion
               and Odijk, Jan and Piperidis, Stelios and Tokunaga, Takenobu},
  month     = {may},
  series    = {LREC 2018},
  keywords  = {UIMA},
  pdf       = {https://aclanthology.org/L18-1212.pdf},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association (ELRA)},
  title     = {A {UIMA} Database Interface for Managing {NLP}-related Text Annotations},
  url       = {https://aclanthology.org/L18-1212},
  year      = {2018}
}

@misc{Abrami:et:al:2018b,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Ahmed, Sajawel and Gleim, R{\"u}diger and Hemati, Wahed
               and Mehler, Alexander and Uslu Tolga},
  title     = {{Natural Language Processing and Text Mining for BIOfid}},
  howpublished = {Presentation at the 1st Meeting of the Scientific Advisory Board of the BIOfid Project},
  adress    = {Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany},
  year      = {2018},
  month     = {March},
  day       = {08},
  pdf       = {}
}

@inproceedings{Mehler:et:al:2017:a,
  author    = {Alexander Mehler and Giuseppe Abrami and Steffen Bruendel and Lisa Felder
               and Thomas Ostertag and Christian Spiekermann},
  title     = {{Stolperwege:} An App for a Digital Public History of the {Holocaust}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media},
  series    = {HT '17},
  pages     = {319--320},
  address   = {New York, NY, USA},
  publisher = {ACM},
  abstract  = {We present the Stolperwege app, a web-based framework for ubiquitous
               modeling of historical processes. Starting from the art project
               Stolpersteine of Gunter Demnig, it allows for virtually connecting
               these stumbling blocks with information about the biographies
               of victims of Nazism. According to the practice of public history,
               the aim of Stolperwege is to deepen public knowledge of the Holocaust
               in the context of our everyday environment. Stolperwege uses an
               information model that allows for modeling social networks of
               agents starting from information about portions of their life.
               The paper exemplifies how Stolperwege is informationally enriched
               by means of historical maps and 3D animations of (historical)
               buildings.},
  acmid     = {3078748},
  doi       = {10.1145/3078714.3078748},
  isbn      = {978-1-4503-4708-2},
  keywords  = {3d, geocaching, geotagging, historical maps,
                   historical processes, public history of the holocaust,
                   ubiquitous computing},
  location  = {Prague, Czech Republic},
  numpages  = {2},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/poster_ht2017.pdf},
  url       = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3078714.3078748},
  year      = {2017}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Mehler:Zeunert:2015:a,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Zeunert, Susanne},
  title     = {Ontologiegestütze geisteswissenschaftliche Annotationen mit dem OWLnotator},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Jahrestagung der Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Abrami_Mehler_Zeunert_DHd_2015_abstract.pdf},
  year      = {2015}
}

@incollection{Abrami:Mehler:Pravida:2015:b,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Pravida, Dietmar},
  title     = {Fusing Text and Image Data with the Help of the OWLnotator},
  booktitle = {Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information
               and Knowledge Design},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  editor    = {Yamamoto, Sakae},
  volume    = {9172},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  pages     = {261-272},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-20612-7_25},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-20611-0},
  language  = {English},
  website   = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20612-7_25},
  year      = {2015}
}

@inproceedings{Abrami:Freiberg:Warner:2015,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Freiberg, Michael and Warner, Paul},
  title     = {Managing and Annotating Historical Multimodal Corpora with the
               eHumanities Desktop - An outline of the current state of the LOEWE
               project Illustrations of Goethe s Faust},
  booktitle = {Historical Corpora},
  pages     = {353 - 363},
  abstract  = {Text corpora are structured sets of text segments that can be
               annotated or interrelated. Expanding on this, we can define a
               database of images as an iconographic multimodal corpus with annotated
               images and the relations between images as well as between images
               and texts. The Goethe-Museum in Frankfurt holds a significant
               collection of art work and texts relating to Goethe’s Faust from
               the early 19th century until the present. In this project we create
               a database containing digitized items from this collection, and
               extend a tool, the ImageDB in the eHumanities Desktop, to annotate
               and provide relations between resources. This article gives an
               overview of the project and provides some technical details. Furthermore
               we show newly implemented features, explain the challenge of creating
               an ontology on multimodal corpora and give a forecast for future
               work.},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/AbramiFreibergWarner_HC_2012.pdf},
  website   = {http://www.narr-shop.de/historical-corpora.html},
  year      = {2015}
}

@article{Abrami:Mehler:Pravida:Zeunert:2014,
  author    = {Abrami, Giuseppe and Mehler, Alexander and Pravida, Dietmar and Zeunert, Susanne},
  title     = {Rubrik: Neues aus dem Netz},
  journal   = {Kunstchronik},
  volume    = {12},
  pages     = {623},
  address   = {München},
  month     = {12},
  publisher = {Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte},
  website   = {http://www.zikg.eu/publikationen/laufende-publikationen/kunstchronik},
  year      = {2014}
}

@article{Mehler:Luecking:Abrami:2014,
  author    = {Mehler, Alexander and Lücking, Andy and Abrami, Giuseppe},
  title     = {{WikiNect}: Image Schemata as a Basis of Gestural Writing for
               Kinetic Museum Wikis},
  journal   = {Universal Access in the Information Society},
  pages     = {1-17},
  abstract  = {This paper provides a theoretical assessment of gestures in the
               context of authoring image-related hypertexts by example of the
               museum information system WikiNect. To this end, a first implementation
               of gestural writing based on image schemata is provided (Lakoff
               in Women, fire, and dangerous things: what categories reveal about
               the mind. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1987). Gestural
               writing is defined as a sort of coding in which propositions are
               only expressed by means of gestures. In this respect, it is shown
               that image schemata allow for bridging between natural language
               predicates and gestural manifestations. Further, it is demonstrated
               that gestural writing primarily focuses on the perceptual level
               of image descriptions (Hollink et al. in Int J Hum Comput Stud
               61(5):601–626, 2004). By exploring the metaphorical potential
               of image schemata, it is finally illustrated how to extend the
               expressiveness of gestural writing in order to reach the conceptual
               level of image descriptions. In this context, the paper paves
               the way for implementing museum information systems like WikiNect
               as systems of kinetic hypertext authoring based on full-fledged
               gestural writing.},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10209-014-0386-8},
  issn      = {1615-5289},
  keywords  = {wikinect},
  pdf       = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/art_10.1007_s10209-014-0386-8.pdf},
  website   = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10209-014-0386-8},
  year      = {2014}
}

@misc{Mehler:Luecking:vor:der:Brueck:2013:a,
  author    = {Mehler, Alexander and Lücking, Andy and vor der Brück, Tim and Abrami, Giuseppe},
  title     = {WikiNect - A Kinetic Artwork Wiki for Exhibition Visitors},
  howpublished = {Poster Presentation at the Scientific Computing and
                   Cultural Heritage 2013 Conference, Heidelberg},
  keywords  = {wikinect},
  month     = {11},
  poster    = {https://www.texttechnologylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/SCCHPoster2013.pdf},
  url       = {http://scch2013.wordpress.com/},
  year      = {2013}
}

@inproceedings{Doebenhenisch:Abrami:Pfaff:Struwe:2011,
  author    = {Doeben-Henisch, Gerd and Abrami, Giuseppe and Pfaff, Marcus and Struwe, Marvin},
  title     = {Conscious learning semiotics systems to assist human persons (CLS2H)},
  booktitle = {AFRICON, 2011},
  volume    = {},
  number    = {},
  pages     = {1 -7},
  abstract  = {Challenged by the growing societal demand for Ambient Assistive
               Living (AAL) technologies, we are dedicated to develop intelligent
               technical devices which are able to communicate with human persons
               in a truly human-like manner. The core of the project is a simulation
               environment which enables the development of conscious learning
               semiotic agents which will be able to assist human persons in
               their daily life. We are reporting first results and future perspectives.},
  doi       = {10.1109/AFRCON.2011.6072043},
  issn      = {2153-0025},
  keywords  = {ambient assistive living;conscious learning semiotic
                   agents;conscious learning semiotics systems;human
                   persons;intelligent technical devices;simulation
                   environment;learning (artificial
                   intelligence);multi-agent systems;},
  month     = {sept.},
  pdf       = {http://www.doeben-henisch.de/gdhnp/csg/africon2011.pdf},
  website   = {http://www.researchgate.net/publication/261451874_Conscious_Learning_Semiotics_Systems_to_Assist_Human_Persons_(CLS(2)H)},
  year      = {2011}
}