We are pleased to announce that the article Syntactic language change in English and German: Metrics, parsers, and convergences has been published in PLOS ONE.
BibTeX
@article{Chen:et:al:2026,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0346096},
author = {Chen, Yanran and Zhao, Wei and Breitbarth, Anne and Stoeckel, Manuel
and Mehler, Alexander and Schlechtweg, Dominik and Eger, Steffen},
journal = {PLOS ONE},
publisher = {Public Library of Science},
title = {Syntactic language change in English and German: Metrics, parsers,
and convergences},
year = {2026},
month = {04},
volume = {21},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0346096},
pages = {1-33},
abstract = {Syntactic language change has gained increasing attention in recent
years. Previous computational work based on dependency relations
has focused on diachronic trends in dependency distance, which
measures the linear distance between dependent words, using dependency
trees automatically predicted by a dependency parser (mostly the
Stanford CoreNLP parser). In this work, we introduce a set of
15 syntax metrics that extend the analysis beyond linear distance
by incorporating both linear and tree graph properties of dependency
trees, such as tree height and degree. Besides, we propose a multi-parser
approach to reduce the impact of using specific parsers, thereby
increasing the robustness of the detected language changes. Through
a cross-lingual investigation of English and German in parliamentary
debates from the last 160 years, using 6 different parsers (CoreNLP
and five newer alternatives), we demonstrate that: (1) Relying
on one single parser can be problematic, as the agreement on predicted
trends can be low across parsers. (2) Our set of metrics can capture
subtle patterns of syntactic changes. Our analysis shows that
syntactic change over the time period inspected is largely similar
between English and German, with only 2.2% of cases yielding opposite
trends in these metrics. (3) We also show that changes in syntactic
metrics seem to be more frequent at the tails of sentence length
distributions and often move in opposite directions for short
and long sentences. To our best knowledge, ours is the most comprehensive
computational analysis of syntactic language change using modern
NLP technology in recent corpora of English and German.},
number = {4}
}

